Pemetaan Dinamika Perubahan Tutupan Kawasan Mangrove Berbasis Pendekatan Komputasi Awan di Teluk Pacitan
Mapping of The Dynamic Changes Coverage of Mangrove Area Based on A Cloud Computation Approach in Pacitan Bay
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37875/hidropilar.v9i1.279Keywords:
Mangrove, Komputasi Awan, Google Earth Engine, Random ForestAbstract
Mangrove sebagai kawasan yang dicirikan sebagai lahan basah di wilayah intertidal di sepanjang garis pantai memiliki peran penting bagi kehidupan dan penghidupan manusia karena layanan yang diberikannya sebagai daerah pemijahan ikan (nursery ground), tempat mencari makan (feeding ground), daerah pentangkapan ikan (fishing ground), serta cagar alam, retensi sedimen dan pelindung alami terhadap berbagai bencana alam seperti siklon dan tsunami. Peran penting tersebut belum terjaga dengan memadai sehingga dibeberapa lokasi di belahan bumi kawasan mangrove mengalami penyusutan akibat proses antropogenik maupun perubahan lingkungan global. Monitoring secara berkala diperlukan untuk menjaga ekosistem mangrove. Penginderaan jauh menjadi metode yang efektif dalam memetakan areal mangrove secara cepat dan efisien, terutama dengan berkembangnya teknologi pemetaan berbasis komputasi awan (cloud computing). Melalui perangkat google earth engine (GEE) artikel ini melakukan studi di Teluk Pacitan dengan ekstraksi terhadap luasan tutupan mangrove pada tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2022 menggunakan citra satelit Sentinel-2 MSI Level-2A, dengan menggunakan algoritma random forest. Luasan mangrove yang dapat diekstraksi adalah 0,57 Hektar di tahun 2016 dan meningkat menjadi 2,2 hektar di tahun 2022. Berdasarkan sampel yang digunakan, dipilih 80% dari total sampel digunakan untuk training, dan 20% untuk testing. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Validation overall accuracy, hasil ekstraksi tahun 2016 mencapai nilai 0,996, dan pada tahun 2022 mencapai nilai 0,966.
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