Studi Karakteristik Pasut, Arus Pasut, dan Gelombang pada Perencanaan Pembangunan Pangkalan TNI AL Saumlaki Menggunakan Pemodelan Numerik

Study of The Characteristics of Tidals, Tidal Currents, And Waves in Development Planning of The Saumlaki Naval Base using Numerical Modeling

Abstract

Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) yang merupakan negara kepulauan memerlukan pertahanan laut yang kuat, dalam hal ini Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut (TNI AL), sebagai garda terdepan dalam mempertahankan kedaulatan wilayah laut Indonesia. Kehadiran pangkalan yang kuat sangat dibutuhkan dalam mendukung kecepatan reaksi dan kesiapsiagaan TNI AL dalam melaksanakan operasi. Pangkalan Saumlaki berada di sisi selatan Indonesia merupakan pintu terluar yang berbatasan langsung dengan negara Australia (Samudera Indian) perlu dikembangkan agar pengawasan terhadap segala ancaman dan pelanggaran yang datang segera dapat di atasi. Pengembangan suatu pangkalan laut tidak lepas dari faktor oseanografi fisik yang meliputi pola pasang surut, arus laut dan gelombang. Penelitian ini mencoba menganalisa karakteristik pasut, arus pasut, dan gelombang melalui pendekatan pemodelan numerik. Hasil simulasi pemodelan numerik selama satu tahun di area perairan Saumlaki didapatkan bahwa tunggang air akibat pasang surut di perairan Saumlaki sebesar 2,5 m dengan tipe pasang surut harian campuran condong ganda, kecepatan arus pasut maksimum 0.082 m/s dan ketinggian maksimum  gelombang signifikan sebesar 2,65 m

The Republic of Indonesia, as an archipelagic nation, need robust marine defense to safeguard its territorial integrity. In this regard, the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) serves as the foremost protector in upholding the sovereignty of Indonesia's maritime domain. The inclusion of a robust foundation is vital in facilitating the velocity of reaction and readiness of the Indonesian Navy in executing operational activities. The Saumlaki base, situated in the southern region of Indonesia, serves as the primary point of entry that immediately adjoins Australia via the Indian Ocean. It is imperative to enhance the existing system in order to promptly address and rectify any instances of threats and breaches through comprehensive monitoring. The establishment of a maritime facility is inherently intertwined with physical oceanographic elements, encompassing tide patterns, ocean currents, and waves. This study aims to examine the attributes of tides, tidal currents, and waves using a numerical modeling methodology. The findings from numerical modeling simulations conducted over a one-year period in the Saumlaki waters revealed that the tidal-induced water level increase in this region reached a magnitude of 2.5 meters. The tidal pattern seen was characterized as a mixed double skew daily tidal type. Additionally, the simulations indicated that the greatest speed of the tidal currents reached 0.082 meters per second, while the most significant wave height recorded was 2.65 meters.